How Does Early Retirement Affect Social Security?

Early retirement can have a significant impact on Social Security benefits, influencing both the amount received and the timing of payments. Social Security benefits are calculated based on an individual’s highest-earning 35 years, meaning that retiring early can reduce lifetime earnings and, consequently, the monthly benefit amount. Additionally, claiming benefits before reaching full retirement age (FRA) results in a permanent reduction in monthly payments, while delaying benefits beyond FRA can lead to an increase.

A financial advisor can help you figure out all of your retirement and social security options.

When Can I Get Social Security?

The earliest you can start receiving Social Security benefits is age 62. The earlier you elect to receive your benefits, however, the smaller your monthly checks will be (decreasing by as much as 30%). To improve your Social Security benefits, you will have to avoid collecting Social Security until you reach your full (or normal) retirement age. For people born in 1960 or later, that age is 67. And with the delayed retirement credits, you can get your largest benefit at age 70.

If you decide to retire early, you have the option of delaying your Social Security benefits. This strategy may work particularly well for married couples but you have to factor in the amount of time you’ll need to fund your lifestyle until social security kicks in.

Early Retirement and Social Security Payments

If you’re wondering how much you’ll get from Social Security, you can check out our Social Security calculator. It estimates how much you’ll earn depending on your annual income, birth year, and when you choose to start receiving benefits.

The calculations for Social Security benefits come from your highest 35 years of earnings. That’s how the Social Security Administration comes up with your average monthly indexed earnings (AIME). If you retire too early (i.e. before earning a paycheck for at least 35 years), you’ll receive less Social Security. That’s the downside to early retirement.

By retiring early, you’ll also miss out on the chance to claim delayed retirement credits. Social Security increases a percentage of your retirement benefits each month that you delay after full retirement age until you turn 70. So if your full retirement age is 67 but you avoid taking Social Security until three years later, then you can claim 124% of your full monthly benefit amount.

The table below comes from the Social Security Administration’s benefits retirement planner and calculates the monthly increase rate by birth year.

Delayed Retirement Increase

Birth Years	12-Month Increase Rate	Monthly Increase Rate
1933 to 1934	5.5%	11/24 of 1%
1935 to 1936	6%	1/2 of 1%
1937 to 1938	6.5%	13/24 of 1%
1939 to 1940	7%	7/12 of 1%
1941 to 1942	7.5%	5/8 of 1%
1943 and later	8%	2/3 of 1%

By comparison, if you choose to retire early, your Social Security check gets reduced by 5/9 of 1% for each month you collect benefits before your full retirement age (up to 36 months). If you retire more than 36 months early (up to a maximum of 60), your Social Security benefit will be reduced by an additional 5/12 of 1% per extra month.

This means that the maximum number of retirement months is 60 for those retiring at age 62 when the full retirement age is 67. So your benefits could be reduced by up to 30%. Social Security calculates this maximum by multiplying 36 months by 5/9 of 1% and then adds a total of 24 months multiplied by 5/12 of 1%.

Strategies to Offset Early Retirement on Social Security

An older woman stocking shelves in a grocery store.

If you plan to retire before reaching full retirement age, it’s important to explore ways to reduce the financial impact of reduced Social Security payments. One option is to delay claiming benefits, even if you leave the workforce early. Using other income sources, such as savings, investments or part-time work, can allow your Social Security benefit to grow until you reach your full or delayed retirement age. Each year of delay increases your monthly benefit, helping to strengthen long-term income.

Another approach involves continuing to build your earnings record before claiming benefits. Since Social Security is based on your highest 35 years of wages, even a few more years of work at a higher salary can improve your benefit calculation. If you retire early but still earn some income through consulting or part-time work, those additional earnings may replace lower-earning years in your record.

It can also help to coordinate Social Security with other retirement income sources. Balancing withdrawals from IRAs, 401(k)s or taxable accounts can help you manage taxes and control your income level, keeping you within lower tax brackets. Strategic withdrawal timing may allow you to preserve more of your benefits and reduce required distributions later.

Lastly, planning for healthcare expenses is essential, as early retirees often face higher costs before becoming eligible for Medicare at age 65. Factoring healthcare into your retirement budget can prevent early withdrawals or unplanned debt that could erode your savings. Careful coordination of these strategies can make early retirement more sustainable, even if your Social Security checks start out smaller.

What If I Want to Work in Retirement?

Sometimes leaving the workforce is neither feasible nor appealing. That’s why some retirees find part-time jobs to pass the time or earn extra money. Getting a part-time job after retiring early may reduce your benefit amount until you reach full retirement age. The SSA may withhold a certain amount of money from your benefit check if your earnings exceed the annual limit.

For 2025, your benefits will be reduced by $1 for every $2 you earn above $23,400. If you reach your full retirement age in 2025, your benefits will be reduced by $1 for every $3 you earn above a different limit ($62,160) up until the month you turn 67.

The SSA doesn’t penalize working retirees forever. You’ll receive all of the benefits the government withheld after you reach your full retirement age. At that time, the SSA recalculates your benefit amount.

Can Too Many Early Retirees Affect Social Security?

Yes, too many early retirees can affect Social Security, potentially straining the program’s financial stability. Social Security operates as a pay-as-you-go system, where current workers fund benefits for retirees through payroll taxes. If a large number of people retire early, fewer workers contribute to the system while more individuals start collecting benefits sooner and for a longer period.

This can accelerate the depletion of the Social Security Trust Fund, increasing concerns about future benefit reductions or the need for policy changes, such as higher payroll taxes or adjustments to retirement age. Monitoring retirement trends is crucial to ensuring Social Security doesn’t run out.

Bottom Line

A couple debating how early retirement affects Social Security.

Not everyone can retire early, but let’s say you’re preparing to quit your job before you reach your full retirement age. In that case, it’s important to think about how that might affect the size of your Social Security checks. If you can wait to take Social Security, you’ll end up with larger benefit checks. Whatever you choose to do, it’s best to make sure your money will last throughout your entire retirement. A financial advisor can help you develop a budget that meets your retirement goals.

Tips for Retirement Planning

Retirement planning with a financial advisor can be extremely helpful. Finding a financial advisor doesn’t have to be hard. SmartAsset’s free tool matches you with vetted financial advisors who serve your area, and you can have a free introductory call with your advisor matches to decide which one you feel is right for you. If you’re ready to find an advisor who can help you achieve your financial goals, get started now.
Figure out how much you’ll need to save to retire comfortably. An easy way to get ahead on saving for retirement is by taking advantage of employer 401(k) matching.